MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

• STRENGTH :- ( In tension, compression, shear, bending, and torsion )

The strength of material is its ability to sustain loads without deformation. A material should have sufficient strength when we applied tension ,compression, shear,bending, or torsion as per intended use.

for example:- A building column should have sufficient compressive strength , and beam have sufficient bending strength , automobile shafts should have proper torsion strength

• ELASTICITY :-    Elasticity is property of material by which it regains its original size and shape after deformation, when external deforming force is remove .

• PLASTICITY :- plasticity is property of material by which is does not regains its original size and shape after deformation , when external deforming force is remove , in simple word lack of elasticity is called as plasticity.

• DUCTILITY :-  Ductility is property of material which can be drawn into thin wire by applied tensile force, ductility reduced from thicker section to thinner section

       ** gold is most ductile and malleable material

• MALLEABILITY :- Malleability is property of material which can be drawn into thin sheet by hammering or compression without any deformation.

• BRITTLENESS :- lack of ductility is called as brittleness, brittleness of a material is property of fracture or breaking without prior warning , these materials suitable for resisting compressive load or less suitable foe impact load & tensile load.
  
  
  
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• HARDNESS :- Hardness is ability of material to resist wear, abrasion, scratching by harder bodies is called as hardness. 

• IMPACT STRENGTH :-  It is ability of material to absorbed shock before it fracture is called its impact strength.

izod and charpy impact tests are conducted to measure hardness of material

• FATIGUE :-  failure of a material under fracturing or repeated load is called as fatigue , fatigue is cause of repeated load , fatigue fracture is progressive .and start as minute cracks at the centres of stress concentration within the material or on material.

• CREEP :- The continuous deformation with time which the material undergoes due application of external steady load is called creep , it is a time dependent process .

• STIFFNESS :- the ability of material to resist elastic deformation is called as stiffness 

  

these some are the mechanical properties of materials .